As shown in the figure below ：
The Red Hat Family
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) Leading, including CentOS、Fedora and Oracle Linux The inner family .
Fedora And RHEL Closely related to , It contains more software than Red Hat Enterprise Edition . One reason is to build Fedora It involves a diverse community , Many of them are not for Red Hat Contributors to the work . Besides , It’s also used for the future RHEL Version of the test platform .
CentOS Often used in activities 、 Demonstrations and labs , Because it’s free to end users , And the release cycle is longer than Fedora（ A new version is released every six months or so ） It’s much longer .
CentOS The basic version of is also almost the same as the most popular Linux Distribution version RHEL identical .
About Red Hat Some of the key points of the distribution series
- Fedora As RHEL The upstream test platform of .
- CentOS yes RHEL An approximate clone of , and Oracle Linux Mainly copies with some changes （ actually ,CentOS since 2014 It has been Red Hat Part of ）.
- RHEL/CentOS 7 Use a lot of patches 3.10 Version kernel , and RHEL/CentOS 8 Used 4.18 edition .
- It supports Intel x86、Arm、Itanium、PowerPC and IBM System z And so on .
- It is based on yum and dnf RPM Of yum Package manager （ I’ll tell you more later ） To install 、 Update and delete packages in the system .
- RHEL It is widely used by enterprises with their own systems .
The SUSE Family
SUSE (SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) ) and openSUSE The relationship between them is similar to RHEL、CentOS and Fedora The relationship described between .
We use openSUSE As SUSE The reference release of the series , Because it’s free for end users . Because the two products are very similar , So it covers openSUSE The material of can be applied to without problem SLES.
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) yes openSUSE Upstream .
Kernel version 4.12 be used for openSUSE Leap 15.
It is based on RPM Of zypper Package manager （ We’ll talk more about ） To install 、 Update and delete packages in the system .
It includes… For system management purposes YaST（Yet Another Setup Tool） Applications .
SLES Widely used in retail and many other areas .
The Debian Family
Debian The distribution is upstream of several other distributions , Include Ubuntu. In turn, ,Ubuntu yes Linux Mint And many other distributions upstream . It’s usually used for servers and desktop computers . Debian It’s a pure open source community project （ Not owned by any company ） And a lot of stability .
Debian For any Linux Users of the distribution provide the largest and most complete software repository to date .
Ubuntu Designed to provide a good trade-off between long-term stability and ease of use . because Ubuntu Most of our software packages come from Debian The stable branch of , So it also has access to a very large software repository .
Debian The series is Ubuntu Upstream , and Ubuntu yes Linux Mint And upstream of other products . Kernel version 4.15 be used for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.
It is based on DPKG Of APT Package manager （ Use apt、apt-get、apt-cache etc. ） To install 、 Update and delete packages in the system .Ubuntu Has been widely used in cloud deployment .
although Ubuntu Builds on the Debian Above and at the bottom based on GNOME, But it’s visually different from the standard Debian And the interface on other distributions is different .
more Jerry The original article of , All in ：” Wang Zixi “:
